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Complicated grief disorder
In psychiatry, complicated grief disorder (CGD) is a proposed disorder for those who are significantly and functionally impaired by prolonged grief symptoms for at least one month after six months of bereavement.〔Shear, M. K., Simon, N., Wall, M., Zisook, S., Neimeyer, R., Duan, N., Reynolds, C., et al. (2011). Complicated grief and related bereavement issues for DSM-5. Depression and anxiety, 28(2), 103-17. doi:10.1002/da.20780.〕 It is distinguished from non-impairing grief〔O’Connor MF, Wellisch DK, Stanton AL, et al. Craving love? Enduring grief activates brain’s reward center. Neuroimage 2008;42:969–972.〕 and other disorders (such as major depressive disorder〔Silverman GK, Jacobs SC, Kasl SV, et al. Quality of life impairments associated with diagnostic criteria for traumatic grief. Psychol Med 2000;30:857–862.〕〔Simon NM, Shear KM, Thompson EH, et al. The prevalence and correlates of psychiatric comorbidity in individuals with complicated grief. Compr Psychiatry 2007;48:395–399.〕〔Neria Y, Gross R, Litz B, et al. Prevalence and psychological correlates of complicated grief among bereaved adults 2.5–3.5 years after september 11th attacks. J Trauma Stress 2007;20:251–262.〕〔Melhem NM, Rosales C, Karageorge J, et al. Comorbidity of axis i disorders in patients with traumatic grief. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62:884–887.〕〔Kersting A, Kroker K, Horstmann J, et al. Association of mao-a variant with complicated grief in major depression. Neuropsychobiology 2007;56:191–196.〕〔Viederman M. Grief: normal and pathological variants. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:1–4.〕 and posttraumatic stress disorder).〔〔〔〔Melhem NM, Moritz G, Walker M, et al. Phenomenology and correlates of complicated grief in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007;46:493–499.〕〔Bonanno GA, Neria Y, Mancini A, et al. Is there more to complicated grief than depression and posttraumatic stress disorder? A test of incremental validity. J Abnorm Psychol 2007; 116:342–351.〕 This disorder has been reviewed by the DSM-5 work groups, who have decided that it be called Persistent complex bereavement disorder and placed it in the chapter on Conditions for Further Study in the new DSM-5.〔(Conditions Proposed by Outside Sources | APA DSM-5 )〕
== Description ==
Complicated grief is considered when an individual’s ability to resume normal activities and responsibilities is continually disrupted beyond six months of bereavement. Six months is considered to be the appropriate point of CGD consideration, since studies show that most people are able to integrate bereavement into their lives by this time.〔Bonanno GA, Wortman CB, Lehman DR, et al. Resilience to loss and chronic grief: a prospective study from preloss to 18-months postloss. J Pers Soc Psychol 2002;83:1150–1164.〕〔DeVaul RA, Zisook S. Psychiatry: unresolved grief. Clinical considerations. J Postgrad Med 1976;59:267–271.〕〔DeVaul RA, Zisook S, Faschingbauer TR. Clinical aspects of grief and bereavement. Prim Care 1979;6:391–402.〕〔Zisook S, Shuchter S, Schuckit M. Factors in the persistence of unresolved grief among psychiatric outpatients. Psychosomatics 1985;26:497–503.〕〔Dopson CC, Harper MB. Unresolved grief in the family. Am Fam Physician 1983;27:207–211.〕
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